Insertion Sort is a simple and intuitive sorting algorithm that works by building the final sorted array one element at a time. It maintains a sorted region of the array and repeatedly inserts the next unsorted element into its correct position within the sorted region.

Core Characteristics

  • Efficient for small datasets or nearly sorted data
  • Adaptive, meaning it performs fewer operations on nearly sorted arrays
  • In-place sorting algorithm with a quadratic time complexity in the worst case

Key Operations

  • Sort() This operation inserts each element into its correct position within the sorted region. This operation is repeated until the entire list is sorted.. Complexity: O(n^2) - Quadratic time operation

Common Applications

  • Sorting small datasets or nearly sorted data
  • Used as a building block for more complex algorithms
  • Applicable in scenarios where simplicity and adaptability are preferred