A Linked List is a fundamental linear data structure consisting of nodes, where each node contains a value and a pointer (or reference) to the next node in the sequence. Unlike arrays, linked lists do not require contiguous memory locations, making them more flexible for dynamic memory allocation. They are particularly useful when frequent insertions and deletions are required, especially at the head or tail.
Core Characteristics
- Nodes are connected via pointers, allowing dynamic memory allocation
- Does not require contiguous memory locations
- Efficient for frequent insertions and deletions
- Ideal for implementing dynamic data structures
Key Operations
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Add() This operation adds a new node to the linked list. The new node can be inserted at the head, tail, or a specific position. The pointer of the previous node needs to be updated to maintain the structure. If is add at the head, the time complexity is O(1).. Complexity: O(n) - Linear time operation
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Delete() This operation removes a node from the linked list. The node to be deleted could be anywhere in the list, and the pointer of the previous node must be adjusted to skip over the deleted node. If is delete at the head, the time complexity is O(1).. Complexity: O(n) - Linear time operation
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Get() This operation finds and returns the first node that contains the desired value. The list must be traversed from the head until the value is found or the end is reached. If is get at the head, the time complexity is O(1).. Complexity: O(n) - Linear time operation
Common Applications
- Dynamic memory allocation and management
- Implementation of stacks and queues
- Efficient insertion and deletion operations
- Used in applications requiring frequent updates to data structures
- Ideal for implementing complex data structures like graphs and trees